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Acute infectious disease affects cows, sometimes sheep and goats, and the disease is characterized by the formation of gaseous edema in the thick muscle areas accompanied by a popping sound when pressed.
Causative agent: bacteria (Clostridium chauvoei)
Animals susceptible to the disease:
The disease mainly affects cows, sometimes sheep and goats, in rare cases horses and deer, while dogs, cats, poultry and humans are considered resistant to the disease.
Infection often appears in specific areas as a result of infection with disease spores endemic to the soil of that area. Infection of cows is carried out by mouth as a result of eating feed or water contaminated with the causative agent or (spores). Therefore, the disease often spreads during grazing seasons (an auxiliary diagnostic factor).
Cows are most often infected at the age of 6 Months – 3 years. The infection occurs during this period due to the replacement of teeth and calves are not infected before this age due to the immunity transmitted from mothers and cows are not infected after 3 years because of the immunity acquired as a result of contact with the causative agent during time.
As for sheep, infection occurs mainly through wounds during wool mowing or neutering operations.
Symptoms: the disease begins with general symptoms in the form of lethargy, anorexia, Rumen cessation and high temperatures (40-43 degrees Celsius) followed by the appearance of the characteristic symptom of the disease, which is the formation of edema, which appears mainly in the thick muscle areas (shoulder – cotton – sacrum – shoulder – neck area) and the swelling is initially hot and painful, then it becomes cold and painless and the skin dries and becomes dark with a dark blue or black color. It may develop necrosis and a rattling sound is heard when pressing on the injury site. And when the skin is opened, an unpleasant smell comes out, similar to the smell of rotten butter.
The animal’s condition worsens after that and hypothermia is an indicator of the death of the animal, which occurs 12-60 hours after the onset of symptoms. Recovery is one of the exceptional cases.
Treatment:
The administration of antibiotics that affect these bacilli, including penicillin and chloramphenicol, should be given in high doses and on a daily basis. The response depends on the speed of initiation of processing, where delayed processing is useless.
Prevention:
Through immunization in areas of spread of the disease. Vaccines are given annually 4 weeks before cows go out to pasture, and they are given to sheep 4 weeks before birth . The vaccine is given in two doses, 14 days apart.
It is one of the vaccines that are produced in our company on an ongoing basis according to basic scientific measurements